Pro/Con Debate
Choose a controversial topic regarding a disease or health concept. Examples include severing the corpus callosum to treat severe epilepsy (split brain surgery) or the vaccine debate (are they necessary? Do they cause autism?) or cell phones causing cancer.
In your initial response, choose one side of the argument: for or against. Research the issue thoroughly and support your argument with facts from reputable sources. Be thorough, informative, and persuasive in order to present a strong argument.
Your Discussion should be a minimum of 250 words in length and not more than 750 words. Use APA citations and references for the textbook and any other sources used. In addition to the researched facts you present as your answer, you may provide opinions and real-world experiences where appropriate.
Peer Responses (3-4 complete sentences):
Respond to the primary responses of three of your colleagues. Review the facts of the topic and state your case. Discuss whether you support or refute their stance and why. Please avoid strong political or religious arguments and personal attacks.
Attempt to add facts, opinions, and life experiences to the discussion. What did you learn from their answer? What questions do you have or how could the original author clarify certain points? What points were the most interesting? Could you contribute to the answer given or summarize it?
Resources to get you started:
GoodTherapy. (2016, April 18). Lobotomy. Retrieved from http://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/psychpedia/lobotomy
Grown Ups Magazine. (2015, August 12). Take your best shot! Vaccine schedule for children. Retrieved from http://grownupsmag.com/vaccine-schedule
National Cancer Institute. (2019, January 9). Cell phones and cancer risk. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/cellphones
I believe the HPV vaccine is safe and necessary.
Cervical cancer has the second highest incidence and mortality rate after breast cancer as cancer which affects women worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the causes of cervical cancer. There are more than 100 types of HPV, including the type that infects the skin and the type that infects mucous membranes. This human papillomavirus causes cervical cancer and warts on the hands and feet. (Different from the type that causes cervical cancer.) It's a familiar virus; if anything, those are weak viruses. Among the types associated with cervical cancer, HPV is divided into low-risk HPV and high-risk HPV. When cells in the cervix are infected with high-risk HPV, and the immune system does not excrete the virus, the infected cells become cancerous and progress.
The HPV vaccine effectively prevents the cervix from becoming infected with HPV. At the same time, it can also prevent head and neck cancer, anal cancer, and genital cancer caused by HPV (NHS, 2019). Countries such as Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Northern Europe that was early adopters of HPV vaccination as national programs have reported significant reductions in HPV infection and precancerous lesions. A study in Finland also found no HPV-related invasive cancers in vaccinated people (Lehtinen et al., 2021). In Australia, where vaccination and cancer screening is widespread, it is predicted that there will be almost no new cervical cancer patients in 2028 (Avramova, 2018).
However, in Japan, various side effects, such as pain over a vast body area, were reported after vaccination, and patients and their families filed lawsuits against the government. Because of the excessive media coverage, the HPV vaccine became a target of fear in Japan, and people did not try to get the HPV vaccine. Currently, the HPV vaccination rate among Japanese people is less than 1%.
・Fever, injection site pain Swelling, itching, swelling, muscle pain, joint pain, headache, fatigue (comparable to flu vaccines and COVID-19 vaccines)
The HPV vaccine has a lower rate of severe side effects than other vaccines, and the risk of harm from cervical cancer is far greater than the severe side effects from the cervical cancer vaccine. Many women are still at risk of cervical cancer without being informed of the importance of the HPV vaccine. In fact, the number of deaths from cervical cancer in Japan has been increasing in recent years (Yagi et al., 2021).
It has been scientifically proven that the HPV vaccine effectively prevents cervical cancer and various related cancers, with a low rate of severe side effects. Therefore, I am in favor of HPV vaccination.
Thank you for reading. (489 words)
References
Avramova, N. (2018). Australia set to 'eliminate' cervical cancer by 2028. CNN. Retrieved December 14, 2022, from https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/03/health/australia-eliminating-cervical-cancer-intl/index.html
Lehtinen, M., Lagheden, C., Luostarinen, T., Eriksson, T., Apter, D., Bly, A., ... & Dillner, J. (2021). Human papillomavirus vaccine efficacy against invasive, HPV-positive cancers: population-based follow-up of a cluster-randomised trial. BMJ open, 11(12), e050669. Retrieved from https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/12/e050669.citation-tools
NHS. (2019). HPV vaccine overview. Retrieved December 14, 2022, from https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/hpv-human-papillomavirus-vaccine/
Sekiguchi, K., Yasui, N., Kowa, H., Kanda, F., & Toda, T. (2016). Two Cases of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Following Vaccination Against Human Papilloma Virus. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 55(21), 3181–3184. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5472
Weinbaum, C. M., & Cano, M. (2015). HPV Vaccination and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Lack of Evidence. EBioMedicine, 2(9), 1014–1015. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.08.030
Yagi, A., Ueda, Y., Kakuda, M., Nakagawa, S., Hiramatsu, K., Miyoshi, A., Kobayashi, E., Kimura, T., Kurosawa, M., Yamaguchi, M., Adachi, S., Kudo, R., Sekine, M., Suzuki, Y., Sukegawa, A., Ikeda, S., Miyagi, E., Enomoto, T., & Kimura, T. (2021). Cervical Cancer Protection in Japan: Where Are We?. Vaccines, 9(11), 1263. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111263
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